Design of Transformation Containers for the Purpose of Efficient Transportation of Oversized Cargo by Motor Vehicles

Abstract

The current state of cargo transportation is characterized by significant dynamism and widespread use of the latest and most modernized mechanical systems, and this largely applies to motor vehicles and other specialized equipment, as well as bodies, trailers and containers. The problem of creating containers of non-standard sizes becomes quite relevant when it is necessary to transport oversized cargo and generally increase the efficiency of logistics processes. Quite often, there is a need to increase the overall dimensions of containers to match their cargo dimensions, which necessitates the search for such technical solutions. This problem has become especially important during hostilities, when there is an increased need for transportation of military equipment in a closed or camouflaged state. Therefore, the above-mentioned challenges necessitate the intensification of the search and development of innovative, improved designs of containers of non-standard sizes. Priority should be given to solutions that provide for the functionality of transforming their dimensions by sliding, sliding or other modifications.

The increase in freight traffic, caused by population growth and technological development, creates new, more stringent requirements for freight vehicles. Despite the fact that the scientific community is actively working on methods for designing and synthesizing effective structures of mechanical systems for effective logistics, there remains a certain need for further research into the design of multifunctional non-standard containers with the function of transforming their dimensions by sliding, sliding or other modifications, for transportation by road and other means. Such research is widely carried out using various methods and synthesis and, in particular, with the method of morphological analysis using hierarchical grouping to obtain effective design alternatives. However, the analysis of existing research reveals a number of unresolved issues that require further study. This is necessary for the search and design of multifunctional non-standard containers for road and other transportation. The purpose of the work is to design transformation containers for the effective transportation of oversized cargo by motor vehicles.

The work carried out a structural and schematic synthesis of transformation containers. Using morphological analysis, a morphological table of features of structural elements of transformation containers and a model of the mechanical system “Transformation container” were built. The expert analysis made it possible to select certain morphological features of transformation containers: type and geometric shape of walls, bottom, roof and doors: design, placement of sheets, sheet thickness, holes for fastening, geometric shape of sheets, presence and geometric configuration of stiffeners; frames (lateral and corner): design; shape; holes for fastening; connection on the base: butt, T-shaped; method of connecting elements: fixed and movable. This made it possible to obtain a corresponding number of variants of transformation container designs with different structural features, and, in particular, with functions of sliding in vertical and horizontal directions, which can ensure effective transportation of oversized cargo or military equipment in a closed or camouflaged state by motor vehicles.

A study of the stress-strain state of the sliding elements (walls) of sliding containers was also conducted, which showed that the stresses in the unfolded containers are in the range of hundreds of MPa and are an order of magnitude higher than in the folded containers. Therefore, it makes sense to add additional jumpers. In particular, when calculating the stress-strain state of a sliding container measuring 5x2x1m, it is advisable to add additional jumpers in the area of the fourth and eighth guide elements.