Identification and Analysis of Barriers to the Implementation of Multimodal Technologies in Freight Transport Logistics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32515/2664-262X.2026.14(45).383-397Keywords:
multimodal transport, freight transport, barrier, interpretive structural modeling, transport and logistics systemAbstract
The European Commission places significant emphasis on the development of multimodal freight transport in order to reduce environmental impacts, alleviate congestion, and achieve the objectives set out in the Paris Agreement. However, the promotion of multimodality has not yielded the expected results, as a substantial share of freight transport continues to be carried out by a single mode, predominantly road transport. This indicates the presence of barriers to the implementation of multimodal technologies in logistics systems.
The barriers to the development of multimodal transport are analyzed comprehensively using mathematical and structural modeling methods. It is determined that the main barriers are associated with demand, shipment characteristics, infrastructure conditions, insufficient supply, organization of the transport process, and regulatory support. The study is based on the analysis of transport companies operating in Ukraine and the results of surveys of their representatives, which made it possible to identify key groups of barriers. A structured approach to the study of barriers is developed, and a system of questions is designed, which enabled the identification of 15 groups of barriers to the development of multimodal transport. Based on the obtained data, reachability and structural interaction matrices are constructed, allowing the determination of the influence levels of individual barriers on the functioning of logistics chains. It is established that the key barrier is the negative perception of multimodal transport by cargo owners, while significant constraints are also related to the inefficiency of multimodal solutions for short distances, small shipment volumes, and time-sensitive deliveries.
User-oriented measures to support multimodal transport are proposed using a bottom-up approach. It is determined that improving economic efficiency, enhancing information support, and training qualified personnel are key directions for stimulating the development of multimodal transport.
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